By MindAndBody (23, California)
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What is anorexia?
Anorexia nervosa is a serious eating disorder characterized by excessive weight loss due to self-starvation. Anorexia is usually a consequence of underlying emotional issues; many people use it as a way to control stresses or pressures in their lives. This eating disorder can result in serious health problems and even death.
What are the warning signs of anorexia?
Eating behaviors:
- Skips meals and denies being hungry; consistently makes excuses to avoid eating (“I ate earlier,” etc.)
- Is preoccupied with fat and calorie content; drastically eliminates fat and calories consumed
- Develops food rituals (eating food in certain orders, rearranging food on the plate, cutting food into tiny pieces)
- Shows anxiety before eating and guilt after eating
- Insists on being full after eating a small amount
- Binges on food, then vomits or uses laxatives to remove the calories from the body
Appearance/body image behaviors:
- Loses a dramatic amount of weight
- Has obsessive fear of gaining weight
- Has a distorted body image; complains that (s)he is fat even when underweight
- Spends a lot of time looking in the mirror; criticizes specific parts of the body
- Wearing baggy clothes to hide the body
- Stops menstruating post-puberty
Exercise behaviors:
- Maintains an obsessive exercise regimen to burn calories
- Insists on exercising despite injury, exhaustion or bad weather
- Works out excessively
Emotional behaviors:
- In early stages of weight loss, becomes more outgoing or cheerful
- As starvation progresses, becomes depressed, anxious, irritable and angry; has rapid mood swings
- Is withdrawn from usual friends and activities
- May cut off friends and family who express concern
- Is competitive; strives to be the thinnest, the smartest, the best
- Holds perfectionist standards for self and for others
- Is envious of thin people; tries to emulate them
- Muscle loss and weakness
- Fatigue, lightheadedness and overall weakness
- Slowed heart rate and lowered blood pressure; risk for heart failure increases
- Dry hair and skin; hair loss is common
- Reduction of bone density (osteoporosis); dry, brittle bones
- Dehydration; can result in kidney failure
- Growth of a downy layer of hair all over the body, in an effort to keep the body warm
- In severe cases: death
Where can I get help for a friend with anorexia?
For advice on how to talk to a friend about your concerns, read Be the Solution .
For more information, check out:
Eating Disorders Awareness and Prevention (EDAP): Answers to questions, information and referrals
1-800-931-2237
http://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org
EDReferral: Comprehensive, easy-to-search database for eating disorder treatment professionals
http://www.edreferral.com
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